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Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To enhance accessibility and facilitate uniform implementation of the electoral legal framework, consideration should be given to formally consolidating the current electoral legislation.
Recommendation # in final report:
1
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To ensure equal suffrage, voter registration and voting procedures for out of country voters should be made uniform for all citizens abroad.
Recommendation # in final report:
2
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
Authorities should prioritize completing and operationalizing the digital regulatory arrangements relevant to elections by reviewing, updating and, as appropriate, commencing outstanding provisions of the Electoral Reforms Act in a manner consistent with the EU Digital Services and Digital Single Market rules. This should ensure that the Electoral Commission is vested with effective statutory powers to monitor and address risks related to online content during electoral periods.
Recommendation # in final report:
3
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral Campaign
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To enhance transparency, consideration should be given to introducing interim campaign finance reporting requirements to ensure that voters have access to timely and comprehensive information prior to election day.
Recommendation # in final report:
4
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
Regardless of the institutional arrangements for campaign finance oversight, the competent authority should be provided with sufficient financial, technical, and human resources to ensure effective, comprehensive, and timely oversight of all aspects of campaign finance.
Recommendation # in final report:
5
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
The authorities should establish a funding mechanism for public service media that provides adequate and predictable multi-year financing that is sufficiently remove from government and protects the editorial independence of the public service broadcasters.
Recommendation # in final report:
6
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Media
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To fully comply with international good practice, consideration could be given to legislate deadlines for adjudication of petitions in order to guarantee the timely review of election-related disputes, including those related to the candidate nominations.
Recommendation # in final report:
7
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Secondary thematic area:
Candidate Registration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
The election legislation should be amended to explicitly guarantee the access of citizen and international observers to all aspects of the electoral process, in line with Ireland’s international commitments.
Recommendation # in final report:
8
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Citizen and International Observation
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Observation
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
Political parties should identify barriers to women’s participation through gender audits, review internal practices and implement measures to address gaps.
Recommendation # in final report:
9
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Participation of Women
Secondary thematic area:
Participation of Women
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Political Background
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
The Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage could for every electoral event consolidate the relevant statutory instruments into a single document and publish them on its website to avoid uncertainty about the applicable regulatory framework.
Recommendation # in final report:
10
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Legal Framework
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To promote the participation of women in election administration, the presidential returning officer should collect and publish disaggregated data on gender representation of polling and counting staff.
Recommendation # in final report:
11
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Participation of Women
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To ensure the effective exercise of the right to vote and to strengthen the effectiveness of the accommodation measure, voters should be provided with a reasonable period to request alternative voting arrangements.
Recommendation # in final report:
12
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
Training of polling and counting staff could be provided in a more engaging and interactive manner, and training materials should be tailored specifically to the type of election they are intended to cover.
Recommendation # in final report:
13
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
The provision for assisted voting should be reconsidered to exclude that the same person including the presiding officer assists multiple voters. The right of voters to be assisted by a person of their choice should be extended to special voting and on election day should not be limited in the final two hours before the closing of the polls.
Recommendation # in final report:
14
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Participation of Persons with Disabilities
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
Consideration should be given to waiving all charges associated with medical certification imposed on persons applying for postal voting due to illness or disability.
Recommendation # in final report:
15
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
The legislation should be amended to afford prospective candidates the explicit right to correct mistakes or omissions in their nomination papers prior to the ruling on nominations.
Recommendation # in final report:
16
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Candidate Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Candidate Registration
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To ensure a clear separation between campaigning and public functions, the legal framework should clearly define the scope of permissible activities by public officials during campaigns. The development of practical guidelines for candidates, parties, and public officials tackling these aspects could facilitate compliance.
Recommendation # in final report:
17
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral Campaign
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
Relevant authorities, in co-operation with parliament, parties, and civil society, could consider developing and operationalizing a framework to prevent and address harassment, intimidation, and abuse targeting individuals engaged in political life. This could involve incident monitoring and reporting mechanisms, strengthened institutional co-ordination, and support measures to ensure safe participation in public affairs – both offline and online – while providing adequate protections for free speech.
Recommendation # in final report:
18
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral Campaign
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
Authorities should strengthen the legislation on inciteful speech, including by expanding the list of protected characteristics to align with national equality laws and international standards. Institutional responsibilities for monitoring and enforcement, including during electoral periods, could be clarified and better co-ordinated.
Recommendation # in final report:
19
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral Campaign
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To ensure due accountability, clarity, and proper enforcement of expenditure limits, regulations governing pre-electoral campaign spending should be reviewed and clarified to cover all election-related expenses.
Recommendation # in final report:
20
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To enhance the comprehensiveness, comparability, and transparency of campaign finance reporting, consideration could be given to introducing online reporting.
Recommendation # in final report:
21
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To strengthen transparency and accountability, the legislation should require that third-party financing disclosures be made publicly available online in a timely and accessible manner.
Recommendation # in final report:
22
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To protect media plurality, legislators could consider introducing ceilings for media ownership or alternative safeguards against ownership concentration.
Recommendation # in final report:
23
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
To strengthen accountability, the authorities could consider extending freedom of information legislation to cover all public bodies.
Recommendation # in final report:
24
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
Consideration should be given to establishing proportionate caps on damages in defamation cases and introducing mechanisms to limit litigation costs, ensuring that compensation for reputational harm remains fair while preventing the financial burden of defamation proceedings from threatening media viability.
Recommendation # in final report:
25
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
Consideration could be given to establishing a temporary fast-track mechanism during electoral periods to swiftly handle media complaints and ensure timely remedies.
Recommendation # in final report:
26
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
In line with international standards and good electoral practice, consideration should be given to broadening the legal standing for lodging election petitions in courts.
Recommendation # in final report:
27
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
Ireland
2025
EAM
Presidential
Consideration could be given to revising the size of the monetary deposit for filing election petitions to ensure that legitimate rights could be defended in court while discouraging spurious appeals.
Recommendation # in final report:
28
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
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