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Location: Canada
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Any process of amendment to electoral legislation should involve robust consultations and include a degree of cross-party agreement. Consultations should include amongst others, representatives of women, aboriginal and minority groups.
Recommendation # in final report:
1
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Participation of Women
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Partially
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
The Elections Act could be revised to give more time to ROs to recruit polling staff from sources other than political parties.
Recommendation # in final report:
2
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Elections Canada and the parliament could consider reviewing election day procedures to simplify them to the extent possible without compromising the integrity of the process.
Recommendation # in final report:
3
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Day
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Election Day
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Commissioner of Canada Elections could be granted the right to compel witnesses and to impose administrative penalties as another option to resolve minor violations of the Elections Act with a view to improve the timeliness and effectiveness of investigations.
Recommendation # in final report:
4
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Fully
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Complaints and Appeals and Electoral Offences
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Electoral legislation should be amended to allow for voting rights for electoral officials and to reflect the Supreme Court decision on prisoner voting.
Recommendation # in final report:
5
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Mostly
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
In order to provide for the effective implementation of paragraph 8 of the OSCE 1990 Copenhagen Document, consideration should be given to full explicit provisions for election observation by both international and citizen observers in electoral legislation.
Recommendation # in final report:
6
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Citizen and International Observation
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration should be given to revising the legal framework to better provide for upholding the principle of equality of the vote.
Recommendation # in final report:
7
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Electoral System
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration could be given to reviewing campaign finance reporting arrangements to assess possibilities for establishing public pre-election reporting, in order to improve transparency and accountability.
Recommendation # in final report:
8
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Partially
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Election specific timeframes could be instituted for the courts to resolve election cases, including prior to election day.
Recommendation # in final report:
9
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Partially
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Complaints and Appeals and Electoral Offences
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
A review could be undertaken of possible appropriate measures that could be introduced to increase the political participation of women. This could include financial incentives to parties to encourage women’s representation both as candidates and within internal party structures, and/or requirements for parties to have policies and provide public information on women within the party.
Recommendation # in final report:
10
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Participation of Women
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Partially
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Participation of Women
Canada
2015
EAM
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration should be given to reinstating Elections Canada’s authority to undertake activities to encourage voter participation, especially amongst aboriginal and minority groups.
Recommendation # in final report:
11
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Participation of National Minorities
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Fully
Year of assessment:
2021
Final report heading:
Participation of Aboriginal People and Minority Groups
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
To provide for the effective implementation of OSCE commitments, the law should be revised to guarantee the access of citizen and international observers to all stages of the electoral process.
Recommendation # in final report:
1
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Citizen and International Observation
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
The legislature could consider adopting temporary special measures to promote an increased representation of women in parliament.
Recommendation # in final report:
2
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Participation of Women
Secondary thematic area:
Candidate Registration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Candidate Registration
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
To harmonize disclosure requirements among different types of media, the legislature could consider establishing a single repository and a standard format for advertisement registries.
Recommendation # in final report:
3
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Media
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Campaign
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
The legislature could consider defining issue advertising separately from political advertising and providing clear guidance on determining whether an issue is clearly associated with a party or candidate.
Recommendation # in final report:
4
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Campaign
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Consideration should be given to revising the legal framework to better uphold the equality of the vote, for example by reducing the permitted deviation.
Recommendation # in final report:
5
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Electoral System
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral Boundary Delimitation
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
With the aim of improving the equality of the vote, the provincial boundary commissions should strive to reduce disparities in the population size between constituencies.
Recommendation # in final report:
6
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Electoral System
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral Boundary Delimitation
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
To further enhance transparency, Elections Canada should publish disaggregated election results by polling station.
Recommendation # in final report:
7
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Election Day
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
The legislature could consider extending the supervision and regulation of political communications to cover bulk communications sent by political parties.
Recommendation # in final report:
8
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Campaign
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
Future regulation of online platforms during electoral periods could focus on increasing the transparency of the algorithms used, especially concerning political advertisement and content recommendations.
Recommendation # in final report:
9
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Campaign
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
To further enhance the transparency of political financing, consideration could be given to requiring political parties to periodically disclose provisional or interim data on contributions and expenditures prior to election day, and for the final campaign accounts to be filed earlier after election day.
Recommendation # in final report:
10
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance
Canada
2021
Early election
EET
Parliamentary
elections
To bring regulation of third-party campaign finances closer in line with that of electoral contestants, consideration could be given to introducing additional measures such as registration with Elections Canada prior to incurring any campaign expenses, and limitations on individual and legal entity contributions made to the dedicated accounts for campaign purposes.
Recommendation # in final report:
11
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Campaign Finance