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Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To guarantee effective remedy and due process, the electoral dispute resolution framework, in particular for complaints related to online content, should be reviewed to allow adequate time for the preparation and adjudication of complaints while ensuring a duly expedited procedure, in line with international good practice.
Recommendation # in final report:
9
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To increase transparency, the adjudication of election disputes before electoral authorities and courts should be open to the public and observers, and the published decisions should include sufficient reasoning and a summary of deliberations. The Permanent Electoral Authority should establish and maintain a centralized database of complaints and appeals submitted at all levels of the election administration.
Recommendation # in final report:
25
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
Romania
2020
SEAM
Parliamentary
elections
The principle of equality of the vote should be upheld, in accordance with the Constitution, OSCE commitments, other international obligations and standards and good international practice. A re-calculation of the allocation of seats before every election, as established by the law, should be consistently implemented.
Recommendation # in final report:
9
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Electoral System
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Election System and Legal Framework
Romania
2020
SEAM
Parliamentary
elections
To enhance public confidence in the election process, any introduction of new technologies should be done well in advance of the elections and provide sufficient time for audit and certification of the technology.
Recommendation # in final report:
13
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Practice
Status of implementation:
Mostly
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Romania
2019
EAM
Presidential
As previously recommended, consideration should be given to enacting an election code applicable to all types of elections through an inclusive process following consultations with relevant stakeholders in order to eliminate inconsistencies generated by the concurrent application of several pieces of legislation.
Recommendation # in final report:
1
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
Romania
2019
EAM
Presidential
Competence to issue administrative acts related to the election process could be vested with one single election administration institution instead of being divided between the election authorities. Alternatively, the legislation could differentiate the respective areas of competence between the PEA and CEB in issuing administrative acts. All administrative acts published in the gazette could be consolidated for ease of reference in future elections.
Recommendation # in final report:
9
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Election Administration
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Legal Framework and Electoral System
Romania
2020
SEAM
Parliamentary
elections
The electoral legal framework should be reviewed to bring it further in line with OSCE commitments, international standards and good practices, well in advance of the next elections and within an inclusive consultation process. To prevent uncertainty generated by the concurrent election rules, consideration should be given to harmonize the provisions and deadlines in the election legislation.
Recommendation # in final report:
1
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Electoral System and Legal Framework
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To enhance legal clarity and address existing gaps and inconsistencies in the legislation, consideration could be given to adopting a unified electoral code applicable to all types of elections, developed through an inclusive process in consultation with all relevant stakeholders. The legislation should clearly distinguish electoral procedures from general administrative processes and introduce election-specific provisions, including transparency safeguards, and expedited timelines.
Recommendation # in final report:
2
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral System and Legal Framework
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To ensure legal certainty and coherence, any amendments to election-related legislation introduced through Government Emergency Ordinances (GEOs) or resulting from Constitutional Court rulings should subsequently be formalized through the regular legislative process in parliament, following public consultation, in line with OSCE commitments. The use of GEOs should be limited to exceptional circumstances where timely parliamentary procedure is not feasible.
Recommendation # in final report:
3
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Legal Framework
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral System and Legal Framework
Romania
2019
EAM
Presidential
To prevent undue limitations on the editorial freedom of the media in news and informative programmes, consideration should be given to amending the provision of Article 40.2 of the PEL that requires private broadcasters to provide candidates with airtime proportional to what is allotted by the public broadcasters.
Recommendation # in final report:
7
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not implemented
Year of assessment:
2025
Final report heading:
Media
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