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Location: Romania
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Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To promote consistent application of campaign rules, the legislation should define the scope of permissible campaign activities by political parties, including those supporting candidates they have not nominated. Overly restrictive or ambiguous provisions on campaigning and campaign tools should be reconsidered to ensure meaningful political participation.
Recommendation # in final report:
7
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral Campaign
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
The law should ensure full transparency of political parties’ media expenditures enabling the public to identify the final beneficiary. Where political parties use intermediary companies to disburse funds, contracts between these companies and media outlets must be subject to transparency requirements.
Recommendation # in final report:
8
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Media
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign Finance
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Media
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To guarantee effective remedy and due process, the electoral dispute resolution framework, in particular for complaints related to online content, should be reviewed to allow adequate time for the preparation and adjudication of complaints while ensuring a duly expedited procedure, in line with international good practice.
Recommendation # in final report:
9
Type of recommendation:
Priority
Thematic area:
Election Dispute Resolution (EDR)
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Dispute Resolution
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To enhance the efficiency and transparency of the election administration, consideration could be given to streamlining the parallel structures of the Permanent Electoral Authority (PEA) and election bureaus. This may include exploring the establishment of a unified, permanent and professional electoral management body, responsible for overseeing all aspects of the electoral process.
Recommendation # in final report:
10
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
Given that political appointments to election bureaus is foreseen, all electoral contestants should have an opportunity for representation in the election administration. The rules prioritizing parliamentary parties in the nomination of electoral bureau members, regardless of whether they have nominated a candidate, should be reconsidered.
Recommendation # in final report:
11
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Election Administration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Election Administration
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
To ensure equal access to voting, the authorities should identify and address administrative or structural barriers that may hinder socially disadvantaged groups from obtaining identity documents.
Recommendation # in final report:
12
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Voter Registration
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
Postal voting procedures should enable voters to return their ballots for the second round with full knowledge of second-round candidates, within timelines ensuring that their votes are received and counted.
Recommendation # in final report:
13
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Voter Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Voter Registration
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
If the collection of support signatures is retained as a prerequisite for candidate registration, the law should clearly regulate the collection and verification processes to ensure consistency by the election administration and prevent misuse by contestants. Consideration should also be given to reducing the number of required signatures in line with international good practice.
Recommendation # in final report:
14
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Candidate Registration
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Candidate Registration
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
The legal framework should include clear provisions governing second-round presidential election campaigns, including the interim period between the first-round election day and the start of the official second-round campaign, or alternatively make the whole period subject to campaign regulations. These provisions should regulate permitted campaign activities, media coverage, related expenditures, and the scope and mechanisms of oversight.
Recommendation # in final report:
15
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Legal Framework
Type of change required:
Legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral Campaign
Romania
2025
LEOM
Presidential
State authorities should ensure a more co-ordinated oversight of the online campaign, including through a clear delineation of institutional responsibilities and development of guidelines on permitted and prohibited activities for contestants and the public. To support these efforts, authorities should consider establishing a permanent co-ordinating body to monitor online campaigning and counter disinformation.
Recommendation # in final report:
16
Type of recommendation:
Other
Thematic area:
Campaign
Secondary thematic area:
Campaign
Type of change required:
Sub-legal
Status of implementation:
Not evaluated
Final report heading:
Electoral Campaign
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